Recombinant DNA (rDNA) is an artificial DNA sequence resulting from the combining of two other DNA sequences in a plasmid. A recombinant protein is a protein produced by an organism after the relevant DNA is inserted into its genome (that is, by a genetically modified organism). This recombines the DNA of two different organisms

Recombinant DNA technique was discovered by Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer in 1973, Nov 1973 publication of “Construction of Biologically Functional Bacterial Plasmids in vitro”, this paper described a technique to isolate and amplify genes, or DNA segments, and insert them into another cell with precision. Recombinant DNA technology was made possible by the discovery of restriction endonucleases by Werner Arber, Daniel Nathans, and Hamilton Smith, for which they received the 1978 Nobel Prize in Medicine

The term recombinant DNA refers to a new combination of DNA molecules that are not found together naturally. Although processes such as crossing over (genetic recombination) technically produce recombinant DNA, the term is generally reserved for DNA produced by joining molecules derived from different biological sources